For Dr. Alison Mitchell, who is transferring to Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) from ETH Zürich, it would be a dream come true. From October, Dr. Mitchell and her Emmy Noether junior research group at the Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP) are to investigate the role pulsars play in creating galactic, high-energy cosmic rays. The project is set to run for six years, and has received nearly 1.5 million euros in funding.
Public life and economic activity was reduced to a minimum as part of measures to tackle the coronavirus pandemic, which changed the demand on the energy market. Energy consumption and CO2 emissions fell sharply to levels never seen before in times of peace. This reduction, however, was not constant in all regions, as CO2 emissions in Europe fell lower than those in other regions on the planet. Economists at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and in Switzerland are have been investigating how the reduction in demand for energy affected CO2 emission levels in Europe.
Complex autoimmune diseases affecting various organ systems remain one of the greatest medical challenges in spite of immense advances in treatment. In particular, the diffuse symptoms at the early stage of complex autoimmune diseases make it hard to diagnose the condition early on, which in turn delays treatment. A team of researchers at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) has now demonstrated that treatment can be extremely effective if autoimmune diseases are treated as early as possible, even before the first clinical symptoms appear. The results were published in the journal iScience.
FAU physicists control the flow of electron pulses through a nanostructure channel.
T cells play a decisive role in fighting the coronavirus and preventing infected individuals from becoming seriously ill. They identify and fight the virus directly within the infected cells. A team of researchers working in Munich have produced a precise profile of the T cells that respond to SARS-CoV-2 and described them at various stages of the illness. This novel methodological approach may in the future also help to assess the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines or in the development of T cell-based treatments for serious cases.
The potassium channel KCNQ3 is required for our brain to generate accurate spatial maps. In mice, defects in KCNQ3 function have measurable effects on the internal navigation system. The findings of a research team including researchers from Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) recently published in Nature Communications are also relevant for Alzheimer’s-type dementia research.
Why people suffer from chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as ulcerative colitis is only partially understood. However, it is known that the bacteria of the intestinal flora and dysfunction in the immune system play an important role. In patients with IBD, an increased number of cells in the intestinal wall, known as epithelial cells, die. Bacteria then pass from the interior of the intestine into the damaged intestinal wall, causing inflammation and further cell death. The epithelial barrier, the barrier between the intestinal contents and the intestinal wall also becomes more permeable.
Geologists at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) joined forces with researchers from France, Berlin, and Portugal to investigate the extent to which the growth of belemnites and changes to their appearance depend on ecological reactions and whether these changes are evidence of environmental crises that could have a serious impact on the climate in future.
It all started with joint pain and a red facial rash: the then 16-year-old Thu-Thao V had already undergone several medical examinations in three cities when she was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in February 2017 at Universitätsklinikum Erlangen. In the life-threatening autoimmune disease, which mainly affects young women, the immune system attacks its own cells in various organ systems. After different immunosuppressive therapies failed to improve her symptoms, Thu-Thao V was treated with CAR-T cells by researchers from the German Centre for Immunotherapy (DZI) at Universitätsklinikum Erlangen in March 2021.
A central role in processing emotions has been ascribed to the almond shaped amygdala arranged in pairs in the brains of mammals. The amygdala ‘evaluates’ emotional memories, coordinates the phenomena of fear and ultimately decides on flight or fight reactions when we are confronted with danger. In addition to fear, it also influences emotions such as anger and joy as well as sexual drive and reproduction.
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