Ancient genomes show that the main genetic variant responsible for fatty liver diseases dates back to beyond the split from Neanderthals, where it reached 100% frequency, perhaps due to advantages in cold adaptation.
Researchers at FAU find no negative effects on immune system
Prof. Dr. Grit Hein from the University Hospital Würzburg (UKW) has shared insights into the transmission of empathy in a study published the journal PNAS. Observational learning processes influence the degree to which an individual empathizes with another person's pain. Thus, empathy can be acquired or lost through environmental influences.
Immune cells must learn not to attack the body itself. A team of researchers from the Technical University of Munich (TUM) and the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU) has discovered a previously unknown mechanism behind this: other immune cells, the B cells, contribute to the "training" of the T cells in the thymus gland. If this process fails, autoimmune diseases can develop. The study confirms this for Neuromyelitis optica, a disease similar to Multiple Sclerosis. Other autoimmune diseases may be linked to the failure of this new mechanism as well.
Treating knee joint defects with cartilage from the nose: The University Hospital in Würzburg is working on the approval of this procedure. They received funding of 2.3 million euros for this purpose. Dr. Sarah Nietzer and Associate Professor Dr. Oliver Pullig are responsible for both projects at the Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, in which the production of autologous cartilage tissue from the nose is to be established for the regeneration of cartilage defects in the knee.
Prof. Dr Leonid Ionov and his team at the University of Bayreuth have developed a new type of 3D printing technology that combines hydrogels and fibres. The innovative process, combined in one device for the first time, enables the production of constructs with fibrous structures and uniaxial cell alignment. The research results, published in the journal "Advanced Healthcare Materials", harbour potential for the artificial production of biological tissue.
One step further: One JMU research project on nucleic acid research and technologies has qualified for the next round in the competition for the prestigious research grant.
Many cancer patients develop severe dermatitis during radiotherapy. Which factors increase the risk of such radiodermatitis has only been partially understood up until now. A pilot study at the University of Augsburg, the Technical University of Munich (TUM), and Helmholtz Munich now points to the important role played by skin bacteria. Breast cancer patients whose skin microbiome was severely disturbed all developed severe dermatitis during radiotherapy. The results give hope of a test that is able to provide early identification of at-risk groups. The results have been published in the renowned medical journal JAMA Oncology.
In view of the pressing challenges posed by global environmental crises, skills shortages, rising energy prices and financial pressure in the healthcare sector, the University of Bayreuth and several partners are initiating the joint project 'Planetary Health - Curriculum for Sustainable Healthcare Facilities'. The project aims to enable the integration of climate resilience and sustainability in all areas of healthcare.
More than 1,000 players are involved in a cell when genetic information is translated into proteins. A new German-Israeli research project is now working on systematically identifying their respective tasks.
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