With their newly developed "nanoTIPTOE" technique, physicists from the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics and the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, in cooperation with Stanford University, have managed for the first time to record a helical light field on shortest time and length scales.
Our Sun counts more than 400 stars and an ever-growing number of exoplanets among its immediate neighbours within ten parsecs (or 33 light-years). Now, two new Super-Earths are added to the list that are just at the edge of the solar neighbourhood and in the fourth closest stellar system. They were recently discovered by an international team of researchers, including Dr. Karan Molaverdikhani from ORIGINS PI Prof. Barbara Ercolano's research group. Life is unlikely on these two exoplanets, but they are among the best candidates for the observations by the James Webb Space Telescope, which will spectroscopically study the atmospheres of the two Super-Earths.
By the use of fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), scientists and physicians from LMU University Hospital Munich and Helmholtz Munich have discovered a reduction in lung volume in fetuses from mothers with an uncomplicated SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. The reduction in lung volume that was shown in comparison to a non-COVID reference cohort, was particularly marked if the infection occurred in the final trimester of pregnancy. The data were collected before vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 became available. The results of the study are published in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine.
An international team of physicists under the leadership of Prof. Matthias Kling at the Max-Planck-Institute for Quantum Optics and the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität has extended a measurement method for the observation of light-induced processes in solids.
The Journal “The Lancet Global Health” has published the results of a longitudinal cohort study on the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Ethiopia. In an Ethiopian-German research collaboration, the Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine at the LMU University Hospital investigated blood samples of frontline healthcare workers and residents from urban and rural communities for antibodies. The results suggest that the true COVID-19 prevalence is much higher than previously reported official figures. Therefore, the research team recommends a realignment of the vaccination strategy for Africa.
The Excellence Cluster ORIGINS has become a founding member of the Twinkle mission. Lift-off for the new space telescope is planned for 2024. The instrument will give astrophysicists at the LMU the first reliable data on the chemical composition of the atmospheres of exoplanets – and may also shed light on the prospects for life on these worlds.
Using intense pulses of laser light, members of the attoworld team at the Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics and the Ludwig-Maximilian University have synthesized trihydrogen ions from water molecules adsorbed onto nanoparticles.
What steers galaxies, or whole ensembles of galaxies - so-called galaxy clusters? Aren’t they surrounded by vast empty space? Could the recently discovered long hot interconnecting gas filaments play a role? Although cosmological models and simulations predicted these structures and the role they may play, the observational confirmation of their existence, using the x-ray space telescope eROSITA, is quite recent. Further snapshots of simulations compared to the observations unveil a galaxy group speeding along such a long gas filament, on a collision course with other galaxy clusters.
A new study carried out by a team of laser physicists, molecular biologists and physicians based at LMU Munich and the Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics has confirmed the temporal stability of the molecular composition of blood in a population of healthy individuals. The data provide a basis for a new method of monitoring the constituents of blood and detecting alterations that reveal changes in a person’s state of health.
Researchers at the Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), the LMU and Hochschule München have discovered that the web-footed gecko Pachydactylus rangei from Namibia fluoresces neon-green under UV light in a stripe along its flank and around its eye. These markings, best visible from the perspective of a gecko, presumably serve as a means to recognise geckos in the Namib desert. In their study, the researchers showed that this fluorescence is produced by iridophores (special pigment cells). The mechanism, as well as the brightness of the fluorescence, are unique and unprecedented among terrestrial vertebrates. The study was published today in the journal Scientific Reports.
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